Restructuring (RX) is a specialized area of finance dealing with financially distressed companies, turnarounds, and bankruptcy situations. Elite RX groups at Houlihan Lokey, PJT Partners, Lazard, Evercore, and Moelis handle complex, high-stakes situations requiring deep technical knowledge.
RX recruiting values a unique combination of skills: strong financial modeling, understanding of capital structure and legal frameworks, and the ability to work under intense time pressure. The environment is demandingβRX bankers often work on live situations where companies' survival depends on the outcome.
This guide covers how to position yourself for RX roles, what technical skills matter, and how to demonstrate the intensity and precision these groups require.
What RX Groups Look For
Restructuring groups evaluate candidates on these dimensions:
1. Technical Depth β 13-week cash flow models, liquidity analysis, waterfall analysis, recovery analysis. RX modeling is among the most complex in finance.
2. Capital Structure Knowledge β Understanding of debt instruments, covenants, intercreditor agreements, and subordination.
3. Legal Framework β Familiarity with Chapter 11, out-of-court restructurings, DIP financing, and creditor rights.
4. Stakeholder Management β RX involves multiple parties with competing interests. Evidence of navigating complex negotiations is valued.
5. Intensity Tolerance β RX situations are time-sensitive and high-pressure. Show you can perform under stress.
Interview Preparation
Restructuring interviews go deeper than most finance roles β expect 13-week cash flow modelling, debt waterfall analysis, and distressed debt concepts. Once your RX CV is in order, technical prep is what separates you at the offer stage. The Investment Banking track at financeinterviewprep.com covers M&A mechanics, LBO modelling, and deal structuring questions β the core technical overlap with restructuring interviews β with 400+ questions and instant feedback. Free to start.
Related guides: Restructuring is technically adjacent to Investment Banking β most RX professionals come from IB or start there. See the Investment Banking CV guide for the foundational IB screening criteria.
Resume Format for RX
RX resumes follow standard IB conventions with emphasis on technical skills:
One Page β Standard format, no exceptions.
Technical Experience First β Modeling and analysis experience should be prominent.
Deal Experience β Restructuring transactions, turnarounds, or distressed situations.
Academic Credentials β Strong academics signal the analytical ability RX requires.
Law/Accounting β If you have JD, CPA, or related credentials, highlight them.
Presenting RX Experience
If you have restructuring or distressed experience, present it effectively:
Situation Complexity β Describe the complexity of the situation: multiple creditor classes, contested situations, tight timelines.
Your Role β Be specific about your contribution to the restructuring.
Outcome β If possible, describe the outcome (successful restructuring, recovery rates achieved).
Example Format:
- Led 13-week cash flow model and liquidity analysis for $2.5B Chapter 11 debtor; identified $150M in liquidity runway enabling successful DIP financing
- Advised secured creditor group holding $800M in claims on $3B retail restructuring; negotiated recovery of 85 cents on the dollar through plan of reorganization
- Built comprehensive waterfall model analyzing recoveries across 6 creditor classes; model drove negotiation strategy resulting in consensual out-of-court restructuring
Key RX Keywords
Include these keywords to demonstrate RX knowledge:
Restructuring Process: Chapter 11, Chapter 7, out-of-court, prepack, pre-arranged, DIP financing, 363 sale, plan of reorganization, cramdown, confirmation
Financial Analysis: 13-week cash flow, liquidity analysis, waterfall analysis, recovery analysis, enterprise value, liquidation analysis, going concern value
Debt/Capital Structure: Senior secured, unsecured, subordinated, mezzanine, term loan, revolver, bond, indenture, covenant, intercreditor
Stakeholders: Debtor, creditor, secured lender, bondholder, equity, DIP lender, ad hoc committee, official committee
Building Your RX Resume
Breaking into RX requires demonstrating relevant skills:
From M&A/Coverage IB:
β Emphasize complex modeling and deal execution
β Highlight any exposure to distressed situations
β Show understanding of capital structure
From Accounting/Audit:
β Leverage forensic or restructuring services experience
β Highlight financial statement expertise
β Show familiarity with distressed situations
From Law:
β Bankruptcy law experience is directly relevant
β Highlight transaction experience
β Show financial acumen alongside legal skills
From Consulting:
β Turnaround or operational improvement experience translates
β Highlight working with distressed companies
β Emphasize analytical and modeling skills
Sample RX Bullets
Analyst Level:
- Built 13-week cash flow models and monthly projections for 4 Chapter 11 debtors with aggregate liabilities exceeding $5B
- Prepared liquidation analyses and recovery waterfalls to support negotiation with creditor constituencies
- Conducted industry and company research to support business plan and valuation analyses in contested situations
Associate Level:
- Led financial analysis for $1.8B out-of-court restructuring; developed recovery analysis that enabled consensual deal among 4 creditor classes
- Managed due diligence and modeling workstreams on 3 simultaneous mandates across retail, energy, and healthcare sectors
- Developed liability management proposals for investment grade issuer facing liquidity challenges
VP Level:
- Served as lead financial advisor on $3.5B Chapter 11 proceeding; achieved confirmation of plan within 8 months
- Originated 5 new client relationships resulting in 3 closed mandates and $15M+ in fees
- Mentored team of 4 analysts and associates; developed training curriculum for restructuring modeling
π Free Restructuring CV Template
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CV ready? Next step:
Practice the Restructuring Interview
Once you've optimized your CV, the next step is nailing the interview. Finance Interview Prep offers 400+ M&A & Restructuring interview questions β with instant explanations and performance tracking.
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